8-Week Bill Auction

4-Week Bill Auction

EIA Natural Gas Stocks Change

Natural Gas Stocks Change refers to the weekly change of the natural gas supply situation.

Current Account

-6249000000

Current Account is the sum of the balance of trade (exports minus imports of goods and services), net factor income (such as interest and dividends) and net transfer payments (such as foreign aid).

Chicago PMI

The Chicago PMI (ISM-Chicago Business Barometer) measures the performance of the manufacturing and non-manufacturing sector in the Chicago region. The Index is computed from five weighted raw indexes: Production (0.25), New Orders (0.35), Order Backlog (0.15), Employment (0.10), and Supplier Deliveries (0.15) and then seasonally adjusted to support month-to-month comparisons. A reading above 50 indicates an expansion; below 50 represents a contraction; while 50 indicates no change. Chicago PMI is released one day before the ISM Manufacturing Index.

ECB President Lagarde Speech

In the Euro Area, benchmark interest rate is set by the Governing Council of the European Central Bank. The primary objective of the ECB’s monetary policy is to maintain price stability which is to keep inflation below, but close to 2 percent over the medium term. In times of prolonged low inflation and low interest rates, ECB may also adopt non-standard monetary policy measures, such as asset purchase programmes. The official interest rate is the Main refinancing operations rate.

M2 Money Supply YoY

15.7%

Russia Money Supply M2 includes M1 plus short-term time deposits in banks.

Nominal Budget Balance

-41000000000

In Brazil, government budget value refers to the nominal budget balance, which comprises the central government, regional governments and public enterprises and also includes debt servicing costs and the nominal interest of the federal government.

GDP MoM

0.7%

In Canada, Monthly GDP MoM measures the change in the value of the goods and services produced by the country's economy compared to the previous month.

GDP MoM Prel

0.2%

In Canada, Monthly GDP MoM measures the change in the value of the goods and services produced by the country's economy compared to the previous month.

Personal Income MoM

0.4%

Personal Income refers to the income that persons receive in return for their provision of labor, land, and capital used in current production, plus current transfer receipts less contributions for government social insurance.

Personal Spending MoM

0.9%

Personal consumption expenditures (PCE) is the primary measure of consumer spending on goods and services in the U.S. economy. 1 It accounts for about two-thirds of domestic final spending, and thus it is the primary engine that drives future economic growth. PCE shows how much of the income earned by households is being spent on current consumption as opposed to how much is being saved for future consumption. PCE also provides a comprehensive measure of types of goods and services that are purchased by households. Thus, for example, it shows the portion of spending that is accounted for by discretionary items, such as motor vehicles, or the adjustments that consumers make to changes in prices, such as a sharp run-up in gasoline prices.

Initial Jobless Claims

Initial jobless claims have a big impact in financial markets because unlike continued claims data which measures the number of persons claiming unemployment benefits, Initial jobless claims measures new and emerging unemployment.

PCE Price Index YoY

6.3%

In the United States, the Personal Consumption Expenditure Price Index provides a measure of the prices paid for domestic purchases of goods and services. While the Consumer Price Index assumes a fixed basket of goods and uses expenditure weights that do not change over time for several years, the Personal Consumption Expenditure Price Index uses a chain index and resorts on expenditure data from the current period and the preceding period (known as Fisher Price Index).

PCE Price Index MoM

0.2%

In the United States, the Personal Consumption Expenditure Price Index provides a measure of the prices paid for domestic purchases of goods and services. While the Consumer Price Index assumes a fixed basket of goods and uses expenditure weights that do not change over time for several years, the Personal Consumption Expenditure Price Index uses a chain index and resorts on expenditure data from the current period and the preceding period (known as Fisher Price Index).

Jobless Claims 4-week Average

Continuing Jobless Claims

Continuing Jobless Claims refer to actual number of unemployed and currently receiving unemployment benefits who filed for unemployment benefits at least two weeks ago.

Core PCE Price Index YoY

4.9%

In the United States, the Core Personal Consumption Expenditure Price Index provides a measure of the prices paid by people for domestic purchases of goods and services, excluding the prices of food and energy. The core PCE is the Fed's preferred inflation measure. The central bank has a 2 percent target.

Core PCE Price Index MoM

0.3%

In the United States, the Core Personal Consumption Expenditure Price Index provides a measure of the prices paid by people for domestic purchases of goods and services, excluding the prices of food and energy. The core PCE is the Fed's preferred inflation measure. The central bank has a 2 percent target.

Unemployment Rate

10.5%

In Brazil, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force.

Current Account

-23000000000

Current Account is the sum of the balance of trade (exports minus imports of goods and services), net factor income (such as interest and dividends) and net transfer payments (such as foreign aid).

External Debt

614900000000

In India, external debt is a part of the total debt that is owed to creditors outside the country..

Balance of Trade

15490000000

In 2017, South Africa recorded the biggest trade deficits with China, Saudi Arabia, Germany, Thailand, France, Nigeria, Italy and Brazil and the biggest trade surpluses with Botswana, Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Belgium and Netherlands.

Current Account

-126100000

Current Account is the sum of the balance of trade (exports minus imports of goods and services), net factor income (such as interest and dividends) and net transfer payments (such as foreign aid).

Infrastructure Output YoY

8.4%

In India, infrastructure output refers to a combined index that measures the performance of Eight Core Industries: refinery production (weight: 28%), electricity generation (19.9%), steel production (17.9%), coal production (10.3%), crude oil production (8.9%), natural gas production (6.9%), cement production (5.4%) and fertilizers production (2.6%). Infrastructure accounts for nearly 40 percent of India's industrial output.

Government Budget Value

-748460000000

The government budget balance is the difference between government revenues and expenses. The budget is balanced when outlays equal to receipts, the country reports budget surplus when revenues are higher than expenses and deficit when expenses exceed the revenues. In India, government budget value refers to the cumulative amount of the central government fiscal deficit for current fiscal year.

Foreign Exchange Reserves

In Turkey, Foreign Exchange Reserves refer to gross foreign exchange reserves held or controlled by the country's central bank, excluding gold.

MPC Meeting Summary

In Turkey, benchmark interest rates are set by the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey Monetary Policy Committee (Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankasi - TCMB). From June 1st 2018, the main interest rate is the one-week repo rate and the overnight borrowing and lending rates will be determined at 150 bps below/above the one-week repo rate. The central bank simplified its monetary policy framework on May 28th 2018 from a different system with four main key rates, with the late liquidity window lending rate being one of the most followed.

Inflation Rate YoY Prel

8%

In Portugal, the inflation rate measures a broad rise or fall in prices that consumers pay for a standard basket of goods. The most important categories in the Portuguese consumer price index are Food and non-alcoholic beverages (20.8 percent of the total weight), Transport (14 percent), Miscellaneous Goods and Services (10.4 percent) and Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels (10.3 percent). Restaurants and Hotels account for 8.6 percent, Recreation and Culture for 7.2 percent and Clothing and Footwear for 6.9 percent. The index also includes: Health (6.3 percent) and Furnishings, household equipment and routine maintenance of the house (6.2 percent). Alcoholic beverages and tobacco, Communication and Education account for the remaining 9.4 percent.

Inflation Rate MoM Prel

1%

Inflation Rate MoM measures month over month change in the price of goods and services.

Industrial Production YoY

-1.8%

In Portugal, industrial production measures the output of businesses integrated in industrial sector of the economy. Manufacturing is the most important sector and accounts for 93.9 percent of total production. The biggest segments within Manufacturing are: food products (13 percent of total production); coke, refined petroleum products and fuels (10 percent); motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers (9 percent); metal products, except machinery and equipment (7 percent); chemicals and synthetic or artificial fibers, except pharmaceuticals (5 percent); rubber and plastic products (5 percent); and paper products (5 percent). Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply account for 5 percent of total output and water supply, sewerage and waste management account for 1 percent.

Industrial Production MoM

-2%

In Portugal, industrial production measures the output of businesses integrated in industrial sector of the economy. Manufacturing is the most important sector and accounts for 93.9 percent of total production. The biggest segments within Manufacturing are: food products (13 percent of total production); coke, refined petroleum products and fuels (10 percent); motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers (9 percent); metal products, except machinery and equipment (7 percent); chemicals and synthetic or artificial fibers, except pharmaceuticals (5 percent); rubber and plastic products (5 percent); and paper products (5 percent). Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply account for 5 percent of total output and water supply, sewerage and waste management account for 1 percent.

Unemployment Rate

In Ireland, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force.

PPI YoY

Producer prices change refers to year over year change in price of goods and services sold by manufacturers and producers in the wholesale market during a given period.

PPI YoY

40.6%

Producer prices change refers to year over year change in price of goods and services sold by manufacturers and producers in the wholesale market during a given period.

PPI MoM

In South Africa, the Producer Price Inflation MoM measures a month-over-month change in the price of goods and services sold by manufacturers and producers in the wholesale market.

PPI YoY

13.1%

In South Africa, Producer prices change refers to year over year change in price of goods and services sold by manufacturers and producers in the wholesale market during a given period.

10-Year BTP Auction

3.1%

Generally, a government bond is issued by a national government and is denominated in the country`s own currency. Bonds issued by national governments in foreign currencies are normally referred to as sovereign bonds. The yield required by investors to loan funds to governments reflects inflation expectations and the likelihood that the debt will be repaid.

5-Year BTP Auction

2.16%

Unemployment Rate

In Cyprus, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force.

Unemployment Rate

6.8%

In Euro Area, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force.

PPI YoY

In Greece, the Producer Price Index in Industry measures the monthly rates of change in the prices of goods that are produced in the domestic market and are sold in this market or are exported to the non domestic market. It is composed by the sub-indices of the domestic and non-domestic market. The index of the non domestic market is also sub-divided into the two market zone indices: the euro-zone and the non-euro zone index. .

Retail Sales YoY

In Greece, the year-over-year change in Retail sales compares the aggregated sales of retail goods and services during a certain month to the same month a year ago.

Retail Sales YoY

8.1%

In Hong Kong, the year-over-year change in Retail sales compares the aggregated sales of retail goods and services during a certain month to the same month a year ago.

Current Account

-160000000

Current Account is the sum of the balance of trade (exports minus imports of goods and services), net factor income (such as interest and dividends) and net transfer payments (such as foreign aid).

M3 Money Supply YoY

6.1%

In Czech Republic, Money Supply M3 is the sum of M2, repurchase agreements, money market fund shares/units and debt securities with a maturity of up to two years.

Current Account

1200000000

Current Account is the sum of the balance of trade (exports minus imports of goods and services), net factor income (such as interest and dividends) and net transfer payments (such as foreign aid).

Unemployment Rate

8.4%

In Italy, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force.

PPI MoM

In Italy, the Producer Price Inflation MoM measures a month-over-month change in the price of goods and services sold by manufacturers and producers in the wholesale market.

PPI YoY

In Italy, the industrial producer price index measures the evolution of output prices for goods manufactured in Italy and sold on the domestic and non-domestic markets.

Inflation Rate MoM Prel

In Poland, the most important categories in the consumer price index are: Food and non-alcoholic beverages (25 percent of the total weight); Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels (19 percent); Transport (10 percent); Recreation and Culture (6 percent); Alcoholic beverages and tobacco (6 percent), Restaurants and hotels (6 percent); Furnishings, household equipment, routine household maintenance (6 percent); and Miscellaneous goods and services (6 percent). Health, Clothing and footwear, Communication and Education account for the remaining 15 percent of total weight.

Inflation Rate YoY Prel

13.9%

In Poland, the most important categories in the consumer price index are: Food and non-alcoholic beverages (24 percent of the total weight); Housing energy/maintenance (21 percent); Transport (9 percent); Recreation and Culture (7 percent). Alcohol and tobacco, Health, Other goods and services, and Clothing account for 6 percent each. Communication, Restaurants and Hotels, Household Equipment and Education account for the remaining 17 percent of total weight.

Unemployment Change

In German, unemployment change measures the absolut change in the number of unemployed people in the reporting month.

Unemployment Rate

5%

In Germany, the unemployment rate measures the registered unemployed as a percentage of the civilian labor force. The registered Unemployed as defined in the statistics collected by the Federal Employment Office and based on the register of persons out of work are all those persons who have reached the age of 15 but not yet the age of 65 who have no job or only a part-time job (at present less than 15 hours a week) and are looking for a job subject to compulsory insurance with a working time of no less than 15 hours a week. They must have registered at the appropriate job center and must not be certified as unfit for work.

Unemployed Persons

2285000

In Germany, unemployed persons are individuals who are without a job and actively seeking to work.

Riksbank Rate Decision

In Sweden, benchmark interest rate is set by the Executive Board of the Central Bank of Sweden (The Riksbank). The main interest rate is the repo rate which is the rate of interest at which banks can borrow or deposit funds at the Riksbank for a period of seven days. The Riksbank's target is to hold inflation in terms of the CPIF (the CPI with a fixed interest rate) around 2 percent a year.

Monetary Policy Report

In Sweden, benchmark interest rate is set by the Executive Board of the Central Bank of Sweden (The Riksbank). The main interest rate is the repo rate which is the rate of interest at which banks can borrow or deposit funds at the Riksbank for a period of seven days. The Riksbank's target is to hold inflation in terms of the CPIF (the CPI with a fixed interest rate) around 2 percent a year.

PPI YoY

21.5%

Producer prices change refers to year over year change in price of goods and services sold by manufacturers and producers in the wholesale market during a given period.

PPI MoM

In Austria, the Producer Price Inflation MoM measures a month-over-month change in the price of goods and services sold by manufacturers and producers in the wholesale market.

KOF Leading Indicators

96.8

In Switzerland, the KOF Swiss Economic Institute economic barometer measures the level of optimism that people who run companies have about the performance of the economy and how they feel about their organizations’ prospects. The KOF economic barometer is based on a multi-sectoral design with three modules. The 2014 version comprises 219 indicator variables, which are combined based on statistically determined weights. The most important module is GDP, which excludes construction and banking sectors and accounts for more than 90% of Swiss GDP.

PPI YoY

28.8%

Producer prices change refers to year over year change in price of goods and services sold by manufacturers and producers in the wholesale market during a given period.

Balance of Trade

The Turkish trade balance has been in deficit since 1947. In 2017 the trade gap widened 36.8 percent from the previous year to USD 76.7 billion, as imports jumped 17.7 percent, the sharpest increase since 2011 and exports rose at a slower 10.2 percent. Turkey major exports were road vehicles, textiles, iron and steel, clothing and food, while imports were machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, mineral fuels and lubricants and chemicals. The biggest trade deficits were recorded with China, Russia, Germany, South Korea, Switzerland, India, Iran and Japan; and the largest surpluses were recorded with Iraq, the UAE, the UK, Israel, Syria, Northern Cyprus and Azerbaijan.

ECB Enria Speech

In the Euro Area, benchmark interest rate is set by the Governing Council of the European Central Bank. The primary objective of the ECB’s monetary policy is to maintain price stability which is to keep inflation below, but close to 2 percent over the medium term. In times of prolonged low inflation and low interest rates, ECB may also adopt non-standard monetary policy measures, such as asset purchase programmes. The official interest rate is the Main refinancing operations rate.

Inflation Rate YoY Prel

5.2%

In France, the most important category in the consumer price index is services (48 percent of total weight), in particular actual rentals and services for dwellings (7 percent), health services (6 percent), transport (3 percent), and communication (2 percent). The index also includes: manufactured products (26 percent) such as medical products (4 percent) and clothing and footwear (4 percent); food (16 percent); energy (8 percent) such as petroleum products (4 percent); and tobacco (2 percent).

Inflation Rate MoM Prel

0.7%

In France, the most important category in the consumer price index is services (48 percent of total weight), in particular actual rentals and services for dwellings (7 percent), health services (6 percent), transport (3 percent), and communication (2 percent). The index also includes: manufactured products (26 percent) such as medical products (4 percent) and clothing and footwear (4 percent); food (16 percent); energy (8 percent) such as petroleum products (4 percent); and tobacco (2 percent).

Harmonised Inflation Rate MoM Prel

0.8%

Harmonised Inflation Rate YoY Prel

5.8%

The Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) is an indicator of inflation and price stability for the European Central Bank (ECB). The HICP is compiled by Eurostat and the national statistical institutes in accordance with harmonised statistical methods. The ECB aims to maintain annual inflation rates as measured by the HICP below, but close to, 2% over the medium term.

Household Consumption MoM

-0.4%

In France, household consumption refers to household expenditure on goods only, providing a short-term information of household consumption behavior relevant for economic analysis. Household consumption expenditure on goods accounted in 2010 for nearly 95 percent of total effective consumption in current euros and accounted for 50 percent of household consumption expenditure on goods and services.

PPI MoM

0%

In France, the Producer Price Inflation MoM measures a month-over-month change in the price of goods and services sold by manufacturers and producers in the wholesale market.

PPI YoY

Producer prices change refers to year over year change in price of goods and services sold by manufacturers and producers in the wholesale market during a given period.

Retail Sales YoY

-6%

In Switzerland, the year-over-year change in Retail sales compares the aggregated sales of retail goods and services during a certain month to the same month a year ago.

Retail Sales MoM

-1.2%

In Switzerland, the Retail sales report provides an aggregated measure of sales of retail goods and services over a specific time period. In Switzerland, Retail sales are seasonal, volatile and relatively important to the overall economy.

Retail Sales YoY

-0.4%

In Germany, the year-over-year change in Retail sales compares the aggregated sales of retail goods and services during a certain month to the same month a year ago.

Retail Sales MoM

-5.4%

In Germany, the Retail sales report provides an aggregated measure of sales of retail goods and services over a specific time period. In Germany, Retail sales are seasonal, volatile and relatively important to the overall economy.

Import Prices MoM

1.8%

In Germany, Import Prices correspond to the rate of change in the prices of goods and services purchased by residents of that country from, and supplied by, foreign sellers. Import Prices are heavily affected by exchange rates.

Import Prices YoY

31.7%

In Germany, Import Prices correspond to the rate of change in the prices of goods and services purchased by residents of that country from, and supplied by, foreign sellers. Import Prices are heavily affected by exchange rates.

Unemployment Rate Harmonised

3%

In Germany, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force.

GDP Growth Rate YoY Final

6.8%

In Denmark, household consumption is the main component of GDP and accounts for 49 percent of its total use, followed by government expenditure (27 percent, the highest among EU countries) and gross fixed capital formation (19 percent). Exports of goods and services account for 54 percent of GDP while imports account for 48 percent, adding 6 percent of total GDP.

GDP Growth Rate QoQ Final

3%

In Denmark, household consumption is the main component of GDP and accounts for 49 percent of its total use, followed by government expenditure (27 percent, the highest among EU countries) and gross fixed capital formation (19 percent). Exports of goods and services account for 54 percent of GDP while imports account for 48 percent, adding 6 percent of total GDP.

Unemployment Rate

2.4%

In Denmark, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force.

Current Account

-7300000000

Current Account is the sum of the balance of trade (exports minus imports of goods and services), net factor income (such as interest and dividends) and net transfer payments (such as foreign aid).

GDP Growth Rate QoQ Final

1.3%

The services sector is the most important and account for 79 percent of United Kingdom's GDP. The biggest segments within services are: government, education and health (19 percent of total GDP); real estate (12 percent); professional, scientific and technical activities and administrative and support services (12 percent); wholesale and retail trade (11 percent); and financial and insurance (8 percent). Industry accounts for 21 percent of the GDP and the largest segments within this sector are: manufacturing (10 percent of total GDP) and construction (6 percent). The Agriculture sector accounts for only 1 percent of GDP. Composition of the GDP on the expenditure side: household consumption (65 percent), government expenditure (20 percent) and gross fixed capital formation (17 percent). Exports of goods and services account for 28 percent of GDP while imports account for 30 percent, subtracting 2 percent from GDP.

GDP Growth Rate YoY Final

6.6%

The United Kingdom is the sixth largest economy in the world and the second largest in Europe after Germany. The Services sector is the most important and accounts for 79 percent to total GDP. The biggest segments within Services are: government, education and health (19 percent of total GDP); real estate (12 percent); professional, scientific and technical activities and administrative and support services (12 percent); wholesale and retail trade (11 percent); and financial and insurance (8 percent). Industry accounts for 21 percent of the GDP and the largest segments within this sector are: manufacturing (10 percent of total GDP) and construction (6 percent). The Agriculture sector accounts for only 1 percent of GDP.

Business Investment YoY Final

1%

In the UK, business investment is net investment by private and public corporations. These include investments in transport, information and communication technology (ICT) equipment, other machinery and equipment, cultivated assets, intellectual property products (IPP, which includes investment in software, research and development, artistic originals and mineral exploration), and buildings and other structures. It does not include investment by central or local government, investment in dwellings, or the costs associated with the transfer of non-produced assets (such as land). .

Business Investment QoQ Final

In the UK, business investment is net investment by private and public corporations. These include investments in transport, information and communication technology (ICT) equipment, other machinery and equipment, cultivated assets, intellectual property products (IPP, which includes investment in software, research and development, artistic originals and mineral exploration), and buildings and other structures. It does not include investment by central or local government, investment in dwellings, or the costs associated with the transfer of non-produced assets (such as land). .

Unemployment Rate

5.5%

In Romania, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force.

M3 Money Supply YoY

South Africa Money Supply M3 includes M2 plus long-term time deposits in banks.

Private Sector Credit YoY

5.99%

Private sector credit measures year over year change in the bank lending to domestic private sector.

Housing Starts YoY

2.2%

In Japan, housing starts refers to the year-on-year change in volume of new housing construction started.

Construction Orders YoY

30.5%

In Japan, construction orders data refer to the value of new orders for construction work received during the month by 50 major constructors. Figures refer to the value of original contracts and construction for own use but not the value of subcontracted orders. .

Retail Sales YoY

8.1%

In Netherlands, the year-over-year change in Retail sales compares the aggregated sales of retail goods and services during a certain month to the same month a year ago.

Bank Lending

841600000000

In Singapore, bank lending measures the change in the total value of outstanding bank loans and advances issued to consumers and businesses.

Private Sector Credit YoY

8.6%

In Australia, private sector credit refers to the month-over-month change of credit extended to the economy's private sector for housing, personal and business expenditures. It includes securitisations.

Private Sector Credit MoM

0.8%

In Australia, private sector credit refers to the month-over-month change of credit extended to the economy's private sector for housing, personal and business expenditures. It includes securitisations.

NBS Manufacturing PMI

49.6

In China, the NBS Manufacturing Purchasing Manager Index measures the performance of the manufacturing sector and is derived from a survey of more large-scale, state-owned companies. The Manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index is based on five individual indexes with the following weights: New Orders (30 percent), Output (25 percent), Employment (20 percent), Suppliers’ Delivery Times (15 percent) and Stock of Items Purchased (10 percent), with the Delivery Times index inverted so that it moves in a comparable direction. A reading above 50 indicates an expansion of the manufacturing sector compared to the previous month; below 50 represents a contraction; while 50 indicates no change. .

NBS Non Manufacturing PMI

47.8

In China, the Non-Manufacturing purchasing managers index survey is based on data collected from a representative panel of 1200 enterprises from the non-manufacturing sector. The survey includes ten questions on business activity, new orders, new export orders, in hand orders index, stock, intermediate input price, subscription price, employment, supplier delivery time, and business activities expectation. For each question, the diffusion index is calculated. As there’s no integrated PMI, the business activity index is usually used to reflect the overall changes in non-manufacturing sector. A PMI reading above 50 percent indicates expansion from the previous month, while below 50 indicates contraction.

NBS General PMI

48.4

In China, the NBS Comprehensive Purchasing Manager Index measures the performance of the manufacturing and non-manufacturing sectors. A reading above 50 indicates an expansion of the overall economic trend compared to the previous month; below 50 represents a contraction; while 50 indicates no change.

ANZ Business Confidence

-55.6

In New Zealand, the business confidence index is designed to provide a snapshot of business opinions regarding the expected future state of their business and economy overall. The survey covers around 700 respondents. The Net index is calculated by subtracting the percentage number of businesses that expect that the economic situation improves from the number that expect decline.

NATO Summit

Industrial Production MoM Prel

-1.3%

In Japan, industrial production measures the output of businesses integrated in industrial sector of the economy such as manufacturing, mining, and utilities.

Stock Investment by Foreigners

Foreign Investments in Japanese Stocks refers to the net difference between inflow and outflow of investments in Japanese stock market by foreigners.

Foreign Bond Investment

The net data shows the difference between acquisition and disposition of long-term debt securities: a plus sign indicates net purchases of foreign securities by Japanese investors; a minus sign indicates net selling and inflows of funds into Japan. It excludes Bank of Japan.

Industrial Production YoY Prel

-4.8%

In Japan, industrial production measures the output of businesses integrated in industrial sector of the economy such as manufacturing, mining, and utilities.

Car Production YoY

Industrial Production MoM

In South Korea, industrial production measures the output of businesses integrated in industrial sector of the economy such as manufacturing, mining, and utilities.

Industrial Production YoY

In South Korea, industrial production measures the output of businesses integrated in industrial sector of the economy such as manufacturing, mining, and utilities.

Retail Sales YoY

In South Korea, the year-over-year change in Retail sales compares the aggregated sales of retail goods and services during a certain month to the same month a year ago. .

Retail Sales MoM

In South Korea, the Retail sales report provides an aggregated measure of sales of retail goods and services over a specific time period. In South Korea, Retail sales are seasonal, volatile and relatively important to the overall economy.

Construction Output YoY

In South Korea, construction output refers to year over year change in the value of construction completed including building construction and civil engineering.

Manufacturing Production YoY

Manufacturing accounts for as much as a third of South Korea’s GDP and is dominated by the conglomerates known as chaebols.

Business Confidence

86

In South Korea, the Business Survey Index (BSI) in the manufacturing sector measures the level of optimism that business leaders have about the performance of the economy in the current month and their outlook for the following month. The Index is based on the survey of around 2800 companies in fifteen areas including sales, inventories, production facilities, prices, labor force and profitability. For each of the indicators measured, the net difference between the number of positive responses and the number of negative responses is computed. The BSI above 100 indicates an improving outlook and below 100 a deteriorating outlook.

GDP YoY

In Russia, Monthly GDP YoY measures the change in the value of the goods and services produced by the country's economy compared to the corresponding month in the previous year.

30-Year Bond Auction

Unemployment Rate

4%

In Russia, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force.

Retail Sales YoY

-9.7%

In Russia, the year-over-year change in Retail sales compares the aggregated sales of retail goods and services during a certain month to the same month a year ago.

Real Wage Growth YoY

3.6%

In Russia, Real Wage Growth measures the year-on-year change in average monthly wages adjusted for inflation.